The Earth is a large magnet and has a magnetosphere that largely protects it from the influence of the interplanetary magnetic field and the charged particles of the solar wind. Charged particles from active regions and coronal holes that are in a geoeffective position on the Sun move along the lines of the interplanetary magnetic field and reach the Earth's magnetosphere and cause geomagnetic disturbances and storms. The variability of the Earth's magnetic field is an indicator of the influence of Solar activity on the terrestrial system. The development and application of space technology has provided a lot of valuable instrumental data on the activity of the Sun and its influence on the Earth's magnetic and electric fields. This has contributed to the expansion of knowledge and their connection with the mechanism of meteorological processes in the Earth's atmosphere. The entry of charged particles of the solar wind into the Earth's atmosphere causes the appearance of various light-electromagnetic phenomena, starting from auroras, through ordinary lightning, to a multitude of other phenomena that are not easily accessible to the human eye and have been discovered with the development of space and computer technology. Over the last few decades, other forms of auroras and phenomena called blue jets, elves and sprite have been discovered. These light phenomena occur in the higher layers of the atmosphere (stratosphere and ionosphere) as a short-lived flash. The mechanism of lightning in the troposphere is similar to the formation of lightning and auroras in the stratosphere. The charged particles of the solar wind throw out electrons from the atoms of chemical elements in the air, and then the electrons, when returning to their original energy level in the atom, quickly release energy in the form of light. Flashes (lightning) in the higher layers are an indicator of the entry of charged particles from the Sun, and those in the troposphere are also associated with meteorological phenomena, primarily with thunderclouds.