Non-Ultra Regular Digital Covering Spaces With Nontrivial Automorphism Groups


Sang-Eon Han




The study of digital covering transformation groups (or automorphism groups, discrete deck transformation groups) plays an important role in the classification of digital spaces (or digital images). In particular, the research into transitive or nontransitive actions of automorphism groups of digital covering spaces is one of the most important issues in digital covering and digital homotopy theory. The paper deals with the problem: Is there a digital covering space which is not ultra regular and has an automorphism group which is not trivial? To solve the problem, let us consider a digital wedge of two simple closed $k_i$-curves with a compatible adjacency, $i\in\{1,2\}$, denoted by $(X,k)$. Since the digital wedge $(X,k)$ has both infinite or finite fold digital covering spaces, in the present paper some of these infinite fold digital covering spaces were found not to be ultra regular and further, their automorphism groups are not trivial, which answers the problem posed above. These findings can be substantially used in classifying digital covering spaces and digital images so that the paper improves on the research in Section 4 of [3] (compare Figure 2 of the present paper with Figure 2 of [3]), which corrects an error that appears in the Boxer and Karaca's paper [3] (see the points $(0,0),(0,8),(6,-1)$ and $(6,7)$ in Figure 2 of [3]).