In this paper, we propose a new tool for modeling and analysis in finance, introducing an impulsive discrete stochastic neural network (NN) fractional-order model. The main advantages of the proposed approach are: (i) Using NNs which can be trained without the restriction of a model to derive parameters and discover relationships, driven and shaped solely by the nature of the data; (ii) using fractional-order differences, whose nonlocal property makes the fractional calculus a suitable tool for modeling actual financial systems; (iii) using impulsive perturbations, which give an opportunity to control the dynamic behavior of the model; (iv) including a stochastic term, which allows to study the effect of noise disturbances generally existing in financial assets; (v) taking into account the existence of time delayed influences. The modeling approach proposed in this paper can be applied to investigate macroeconomic systems.